Innovation in Set Design

Embracing New Technologies and Techniques

Neeraj Sethi

 Why Sets Matter

In the enchanting world of entertainment, be it theater, film, or television, the stage is more than a mere backdrop. It is a canvas upon which stories unfold, emotions resonate, and dreams take flight. Sets serve as the silent narrators, shaping the mood, era, and ambiance of a production. They transport audiences beyond the confines of reality, inviting them to explore distant lands, historical epochs, and fantastical realms.

A well- designed set is akin to a symphony- a harmonious blend of architecture, colour, texture, and symbolism. It evokes emotions, enhances storytelling, and immerses viewers in an alternate universe. Whether it's the opulence of a royal palace, the gritty streets of a noir detective story, or the whimsy of an animated fairy tale, sets play a pivotal role in suspending disbelief and inviting wonder.

The Artisans Behind the Scenes

Set designers are the architects of illusion who transform raw materials into enchanting landscapes. Their craft requires a delicate balance of creativity, technical prowess, and collaboration. Set designers collaborate closely with directors, writers, and fellow creatives, dissecting the script, characters, and thematic nuances. Then they go on to translate abstract concepts into tangible designs that resonate with the audience.

They sketch, sculpt, and render- their tools as diverse as their visions. These blueprints become the roadmap for construction crews, carpenters, and painters. Every detail matters: the curve of a banister, the texture of a stone wall, the play of light through a window.

Authenticity and Research

Set designers wear many hats! They are historians and anthropologists too. They delve into archives, visit museums, and explore architectural wonders. Whether recreating ancient Lahore, a bustling Rajasthani market place, or a futuristic spaceship, they infuse authenticity into every nook and cranny. The grain of wood, the patina of metal, the choice of fabrics- all tell a story. They do all this within budgets, making artistic choices that align with financial realities. Their resourcefulness transforms humble materials- plywood, foam, paint- into grand illusions. They balance aesthetics with practicality, ensuring that the magic doesn't bankrupt the production.

When the curtain rises, the audience sees the final creation- the majestic ballroom, the quaint cottage, the moonlit forest. But hidden backstage are the set designers, their fingerprints etched into every prop, every backdrop. Their artistry is silent yet profound, shaping the emotional journey of viewers.

Changing Roles and Techniques

Traditionally, set design relied heavily on manual craftsmanship and practical effects to bring imaginary worlds to life. However, with the advent of new technologies and techniques, the landscape of set design is undergoing a remarkable transformation, ushering in an era of boundless creativity and unprecedented possibilities. Set designers now have to adopt these technologies to stay up- to- date in their field. Training and education have also changed to reflect this shift.

Integration of Cutting Edge Technologies: One of the most significant drivers of innovation in set design is the integration of cutting-edge technologies. Advancements in Computer-Generated Imagery (CGI), Augmented Reality (AR), and Virtual Reality (VR) have revolutionised the way designers conceptualise and construct sets. These tools empower creators to visualise intricate designs with unparalleled precision, blurring the lines between reality and imagination. Whether it's conjuring fantastical landscapes or recreating historical epochs with meticulous detail, technology enables designers to transcend the limitations of physical space and delve into uncharted realms of creativity.

Stress on Sustainability: Furthermore, the rise of sustainable practices has prompted set designers to explore eco-friendly materials and construction methods. From recycled materials to renewable resources, sustainability has become a driving force behind the evolution of set design. By embracing environmentally conscious practices, designers not only reduce their ecological footprint but also inspire audiences to reflect on the importance of environmental stewardship.

Harmonising Tradition and Innovation: The fusion of traditional craftsmanship with modern techniques has yielded remarkable results in set design. By combining age-old artisanal skills with state-of-the-art technology, designers can achieve a harmonious blend of authenticity and innovation. Whether it is intricate handcrafted props infused with digital enhancements or immersive stage environments that seamlessly integrate projection mapping, the marriage of tradition and innovation enriches the storytelling experience, captivating audiences in new and captivating ways.

Democratisation of Creativity: In addition to technological advancements, the democratisation of creativity has empowered aspiring designers to explore unconventional approaches and challenge traditional norms. With access to online resources, design software, and collaborative platforms, emerging talents can experiment with ideas, collaborate with peers, and showcase their work to a global audience. This democratisation of design not only fosters diversity and inclusivity but also cultivates a vibrant community of innovators who continually push the boundaries of artistic expression.

How to Become a Set Designer?

Step 1: 10+2 Examination

Your first step towards becoming a set designer is to pass your Higher Secondary examination. Whether you choose arts, commerce, or science, aim for a good score, as it can be competitive to get into the best design colleges.

Step 2: Entrance Exams

You'll need to clear competitive entrance exams to get into a top design college. Here are some key exams to consider:

·       Undergraduate Common Entrance Exam for Design (UCEED)

·       All India Entrance Examination for Design (AIEED)

·       National Institute of Design - Design Aptitude Test (NID-DAT)

·       Symbiosis Entrance Exam for Design (SEED)

·       Indian Institute of Crafts and Design (IICD) Entrance Exam

Preparing thoroughly for these exams can open doors to prestigious institutions that can shape your design career.

Step 3: Bachelor's Degree

Most production companies prefer set designers with at least a bachelor's degree. Consider enrolling in a four-year Bachelor of Design (B.Des.) programme. Specialisations that can enhance your career include:

·       Interior Designing

·       Accessory Designing

·       Textile Designing

·       Fashion Designing

·       Jewellery Designing

·       Product Designing

·       VFX Designing

·       Multimedia Designing

·       Game Designing

·       Graphic Designing

·       Visual Communication

These programmes blend creativity with technical skills, providing a solid foundation for your set design career.

Step 4 (Optional): Postgraduate Degree

After gaining your bachelor's degree and some practical experience, consider advancing your skills and knowledge by pursuing a postgraduate degree in art direction and production design. The Film & Television Institute of India, Pune (FTII) and Satyajit Ray Film &Television Institute, Kolkata (SRFTI), offer specialised three-year PG Diploma Course in Art Direction and Production Design.

This course aims to be a globally recognised centre of excellence in education and training, shaping creative professionals who redefine visual storytelling in the film and television industry, as well as across various OTT platforms. The course emphasises hands-on training in various aspects of art direction and production design, with a deep understanding of scripts from a Production Designer's perspective.

Practical sessions include carpentry, painting, moulding, and set construction techniques. The institutes facilitate on-site learning by facilitating tours to shooting locales in order to provide a closer study of set design and construction techniques.

Dedicated classrooms equipped with drafting aids and high-end software, along with sections for carpentry, painting, moulding, costume, and property, ensure that students receive a comprehensive and immersive educational experience.

Spectacular Set Designs Etched in Entertainment History

Mughal-e-Azam (1960): Directed by K. Asif, this classic Indian film is renowned for its grandeur and opulent set design. Art director M. Sadiq meticulously recreated the splendour of the Mughal courts, palaces, and gardens. The film's sets are a visual spectacle, immersing viewers in the regal era of Emperor Akbar and Anarkali.

The Crown (TV Series): This series deserves mention for its historical accuracy and attention to detail. Set designer Martin Childs authentically recreated Buckingham Palace and other historical settings, transporting viewers back in time to Queen Elizabeth II's reign.

Gully Boy (2019): Suzanne Caplan Merwanji's set design for "Gully Boy" captures the vibrant streets of Mumbai. Inspired by real locations in Mumbai's slums, the film's sets bring the hip-hop scene to life, adding authenticity to the underground music culture.

A Suitable Boy (TV Series): Stephanie Carroll's set design in Mira Nair's adaptation authentically captures post-independence India. The series explores diverse locations, from aristocratic mansions to bustling marketplaces, reflecting the then social and cultural fabric of the country.

Inception (2010): The film showcases mind-bending dreamscapes. Set designer Guy Hendrix Dyas crafted intricate details, including the iconic rotating hallway, adding a tangible dimension to Christopher Nolan's vision of dreams within dreams.

Top Colleges and Courses

India has several top-tier institutions that offer robust programmes in this field. Here's a list of the top institutes in India providing you with the education and hands-on experience necessary for a successful career as a set designer.

Film and Television Institute of India (FTII), Pune: Offers a three-year PG Diploma in Art Direction and Production Design with comprehensive hands-on training and theoretical studies.

Satyajit Ray Film and Television Institute (SRFTI), Kolkata: Known for its rigorous programmes and comprehensive training in production design.

National Institute of Design (NID), Ahmedabad: Offers undergraduate and postgraduate programmes in film and video communication and animation film design.

Whistling Woods International, Mumbai: Provides various courses related to film production, including a diploma in production design.

Pearl Academy, Delhi and Mumbai: Focuses on practical learning with a strong emphasis on industry-standard software and real-world projects.

United World Institute of Design (UID), Ahmedabad: Offers a Bachelor of Design, combining theoretical instruction with practical application.

Srishti Manipal Institute of Art, Design and Technology, Bengaluru: Encourages critical thinking and experimentation through its B.Des in human-centered design.

Amity School of Design, Noida: Provides a B.Des in product design, preparing students for both creative and business aspects of the industry.

Raffles Design Institute (RDI), Mumbai: Offers a range of courses in design, focusing on practical skills and industry interaction.

Arch College of Design and Business, Jaipur: Combines practical skills with theoretical knowledge to prepare students for the creative industry.

MIT Institute of Design, Pune: Offers a comprehensive programme in design with a strong emphasis on practical experience and industry exposure.

Indian School of Design and Innovation (ISDI), Mumbai: Provides innovative design programmes with a focus on production design and practical training.

LV Prasad Film and TV Academy, Chennai: Offers courses in various aspects of film production, including production design.

Asian Academy of Film and Television (AAFT), Noida: Known for its diverse range of filmmaking courses, including production design.

Symbiosis Institute of Design (SID), Pune: Offers a B.Des in communication design with an emphasis on practical projects and industry collaboration.

ICAT Design and Media College, Chennai: Known for its hands-on approach and industry-aligned curriculum in design and media.

Finding a Job

World over, most set designers operate as freelancers, taking on projects across a variety of entertainment mediums including plays, musicals, operas, dance shows, advertisements, television shows, and films. While there are some full-time positions available with large theatre companies and film studios, the majority of work is project-based.

Given the freelance nature of the profession, networking and self-promotion are crucial for success. Building a strong professional network can open doors to new projects and collaborations. Here are some tips to help you find work as a set designer in India:

·       Showcase Your Portfolio: In set design, your portfolio is your calling card. Create a digital portfolio that showcases your artistic abilities, design skills, and creative thinking. Include a variety of works such as:

-           Mood boards and narrative introductions

-           Paintings and photographs of your designs

-           Theoretical insights and research findings

-           Miniature of your set ideas

-           Positive reviews from academic projects or internships

A strong portfolio can significantly boost your employment prospects, often more than a traditional resume.

·       Internship: Internships offer invaluable real-world experience. Whether paid or unpaid, an internship lets you work with industry-standard equipment and design software. You'll learn about the set-building process and get a feel for the professional world of set design. Plus, it's a great opportunity to network with directors, producers, and other industry professionals. Impress them with your skills, and you might find job offers coming your way post-internship.

·       Assist Art Director: Traditionally, in Indian film industry, working under a renowned Art Director will always help you improve your network and clinch orders.

·       Freelance Platforms: Utilise freelance job platforms and specialised industry websites to find potential clients and projects.

·       Social Media and Online Presence: Actively promote your work on social media channels. Regular updates about your projects can attract potential clients and collaborators.

·       Collaboration with Other Creatives: Collaborate with directors, costume designers, and other creative professionals on independent projects. This not only expands your network but also enhances your portfolio with diverse work.

Diverse Career Paths for Set Designers

A career as a set designer offers numerous paths for advancement and diversification. Set designers can progress to roles such as senior designers or art directors, overseeing larger projects and teams. They might also become project managers or even branch out into entrepreneurial ventures as business owners or marketing directors. Additionally, some set designers transition into graphic design roles, becoming freelance designers, senior graphic designers, or creative directors. Others may advance to production-specific roles such as production designers, production managers, or even office managers. There are also opportunities to leverage their skills in roles like artists, property managers, or communications directors. This flexibility allows set designers to explore various creative and managerial positions throughout their careers, continually expanding their skill set and professional horizons.

(The author is an IT professional associated with the entertainment industry. Feedback on this article can be sent to feedback.employmentnews@gmail.com)

Views expressed are personal.